Bangladeshi e-Passport Renewal From Malaysia (BDHCKL)

This article offers instruction on how to apply for Bangladeshi MRP, digital, and e passport from Malayisa. It also provide information regarding Appointment bdhckl.gov.bd/Entry list/Reissue/Poslaju. Also, B.D. Embassy K.L. Address, Contact Number, Maybank Account, Passport Renew, Passport Check Online, Delivery Poslaju. Bangladesh High Commission Malaysia (বাংলাদেশ হাইকমিশন মালয়েশিয়া পাসপোর্ট ডেলিভারি স্লিপ চেক, ও ট্রাভেল পাস- পাসপোর্ট নাম্বার দিয়ে পাসপোর্ট চেক, পাসপোর্ট এপারমেন্ট).

BDHCKL- Bangladesh High Commission Malaysia

Malaysia and Bangladesh have maintained an excellent bilateral relationship since the independence of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh in 1971. Bangladesh got recognition from Malaysia on 31 January 1972. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the Father of the Nation in Bangladesh, visited Malaysia in 1973 and set the Bangladesh-Malaysia relationship. Around 800,000 Bangladeshi people reside in Malaysia with different visa permits, including students, workers, professionals, etc.

Bangladesh High Commission Malaysia is also known as Bangladesh High Commission Kuala Lumpur. The short form of Bangladesh Bangladesh High Commission Kuala Lumpur is Bdhckl and B.D Embassy.

Many Bangladeshi expatriates work here as workers for local and international companies. Nowadays, the company applies for their worker passport renewal virtually.

Bangladeshi e-Passport Renewal From Malaysia

Bangladeshi people living in Malaysia can apply for e-passport renewal from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Bangladesh High Commission, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia launched the e-passport service for Bangladeshi students, employees, and expatriates.  The applicants can apply through EXPAT Services Kuala Lumpur Sdn Bhd (ESKL) for e-passport renewal.

Why Should We Apply For an E-Passport?

Recently, the Bangladesh High Commission in Malaysia stopped accepting applications for MRP Passports due to technical issues. Therefore, Bangladeshi people in Malaysia must apply for an e-passport.

EXPAT Services Kuala Lumpur Sdn Bhd (ESKL)
Expat Services (Kuala Lumpur) Sdn Bhd is the outsourcing company appointed by the Ministry of Home Affairs and Ministry of Foreign Affairs to complete the e-passport application form online. 

Address Expat Services (Kuala Lumpur) Sdn Bhd, Southgate: Commercial Centre, Level 2, Block E, No 2, Jalan Dua Off Jalan Chan Sow Lin-55200. Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur.
Required Documents For e-passport Application
1. Application form should be filled as per National Identity Card (NID) or Online Birth Certificate (BRC English Version).

2. Online verified copy of National Identity Card (NID) / Birth Registration Certificate (BRC) should be submitted.

For minor (less than 18 years) applicants who do not have a National Identity Card (NID), the National Identity Card (NID) number of their father and mother must be mentioned. Copy of National Identity Card (NID) of father and mother and online verified copy should be submitted.

National Identity Card (NID) or Online Birth Registration Certificate (BRC English Version) should be submitted as per the following age- 

(A) Online Birth Certificate (BRC English Version) if below 18 years. 

(b) National Identity Card (NID) or Online Birth Certificate (BRC English Version) if 18-20 years. 

(c) National Identity Card (NID) is required if above 20 years. However, online birth registration certificate (BRC English Version) will be accepted in case of application from Bangladesh mission abroad. In this case, parents' National Identity Card (NID) and online derivation copy have to be submitted.

3.In case of adoption/guardianship, an order issued by the Department of Security Services, Ministry of Home Affairs should be submitted along with the passport application.

4. For all applications below 18 years and above 65 years e-passport will be valid for 35 years and 48 pages. 10. Relevant technical certificates (eg: doctor, engineer, driver etc.) should be uploaded / attached.

Application Process

For identification and biometric purposes, applicants are required to present during passport application submission.

  1. Must book an appointment to visit the Passport Application Centre. You can visit either www.expatserviceskl.com or contact our help desk.
  2. Kindly visit the application center on the scheduled day of your appointment and ensure that you have all the necessary documents with you.
  3. The application form must be completed by a designated officer in the applicant’s presence at the application center.
  4. Make the relevant payment exclusively at the application center (please obtain the receipt, as it is necessary for passport collection).
  5. Proceed with the enrollment of your biometric data.
  6. Retrieve your passport at the nearest post office once the process is complete.
Bangladeshi e-Passport Renewal Fees in Malaysia
Visa category Expiration and Government Fees of e-Passport ESKL and its Service Charge
Common worker and student 48 Pages 5 Year’s RM 164 Online Appointment for Application Form Filling and Document Preparation Interview, Bio Enrolment, and Scanning Passport Delivery RM 32.00
10 Year’s RM 273
64 Pages 5 Year’s RM 817
10 Year’s RM 953
Others 48 Pages 5 Year’s RM 545 Online Appointment for Application Form Filling and Document Preparation Interview, Bio Enrolment and Scanning Passport Delivery RM 60.00
10 Year’s RM 681
64 Pages 5 Year’s RM 817
10 Year’s RM 953
Bangladesh High Commission Consular New Fees 2025

Bangladesh High Commission Consular New Fees 2025

Bangladesh High Commission in Kuala Lumpur is committed to providing the highest level of service to Bangladeshi expatriates living in Malaysia.

So, this article will help the Malaysian people and owners of the company who want to understand how to apply for passport renewal and delivery via Malaysian courier and logistic companies such as Pos Malaysia (Postlaju), J&T Express, Sky Net, and many more.

Bangladesh High Commission Malaysia (BDhckl) Address: (বাংলাদেশ হাইকমিশন কুয়ালালামপুর, মালয়েশিয়া ঠিকানা)

Bangladesh High Commission in Malaysia has two offices in Kuala Lumpur. The main office is at Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, which provides all services except passport reissue and delivery. It provides services for both Bangladeshis and foreigners. The BDHCKL provides service-related recruitment for Bangladeshi workers.

Address: Bangladesh High Commission, No. 5B & 5C (Lot No. 9 & 10), Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Services: Travel Pass, Document attestation, passport and certificate verification letter, marriage certificate verification, and more.
Consular Services: +60326040949

Bdhckl Facebook Page Link– https://www.facebook.com/bdhckl

Bangladesh High Commission Malaysia All Services. Appointment bdhckl.gov.bd

BDHCK Consultant Contact Number:

Bangladesh High Commission Malaysia Contact Number: (Non-official WhatsApp, IMO & LINE Number). We always discourage paying money for services.

Bangladesh High Commission Malaysia website: https://www.bdhckl.gov.bd

Bangladesh High Commission Malaysia Passport Service Center

BDHCKL Ampang Passport Application Receive and Delivery Centre (বাংলাদেশ হাইকমিশন মালয়েশিয়া পাসপোর্ট আবেদন ও রিচিভ সেন্টার)

Address: 166, Jalan Besar, Pekan Ampang, 68000 Ampang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Services: Passport reissue, delivery, and Travel Pass Application.
Passport Service Centre: +60176014484, 0162747917
Email: mission.kualalumpur@mofa.gov.bd

Bangladesh High Commission Malaysia Bank Account

(বাংলাদেশ এম্বাসী মালয়েশিয়া May Bank অ্যাকাউন্ট নাম্বার)

Account Name: Bangladesh High Commission
May Bank Account: 564427102268

Bangladesh High Commission Malaysia Passport

MRP Passport Renewal Process

BDhckl started the passport renewal system virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Now, applicants can send their documents to the BD embassy via Poslaju and other logistics service providers. So, applicants do not need to come to the Embassy in person to renew their passports.

বাংলাদেশ হাইকমিশন মালয়েশিয়া অনলাইনে পাসপোর্ট আবেদন প্রক্রিয়া

 

Today, we will show the entire process for passport renewal, from application to delivery. In this regard, we have divided the whole process into three stages. The three stages are as follows:

  1. Application for Bangladesh passport renewal in Malaysia
  2. Bangladesh Passport Status Check Online
  3. Bangladesh Passport Delivery Online

BDhckl Reissue

1. Bangladesh MRP Passport Renewal in Malaysia

Based on the instructions of the Bangladesh High Commission in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, we have divided the passport renewal process into four steps.

The four steps of the Bdhckl passport renewal are as follows:

  1. Passport Application Form Download and Fill up
  2. Deposit Money to Maybank Account(RM 145/484)
  3. Do Photocopy Passport Info & Visa Page (Visa page is not mandatory)
  4. Send all Documents to BDhckl (Ampang Passport Office or Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra) Office.
 Step-1 Application Form

Firstly, applicants must download the Bangladesh passport Reissue/Information Alteration/Correction Application Form. You may click the following link to download the passport renewal form.

বাংলাদেশ পাসপোর্ট আবেদন ফর্ম ডাউনলোডঃ Bangladesh Passport Renewal Form- Passport Renewal Form

Additionally, applicants must fill in the application form with their name, passport number, signature, fee amount, branch, receipt number, issue date, expiration date, and so on. Everyone must click on a regular delivery, because the B.D. Embassy Malaysia does not provide express service.

Step-2 Maybank Deposit

Secondly, applicants need to deposit money into the following Maybank account. Applicants must send the original money receipt. However, we suggest keeping a photo on your smartphone and scanning a copy or a photocopy.

Bangladesh Embassy Malaysia May Bank Account & Fees
Account Name: Bangladesh High Commission
May Bank Account: 564427102268

Passport renewal fees are RM 145 for students and workers.(ছাত্র এবং ওয়ার্কার দের জন্য ১৪৫ রিঙ্গিত)

Passport renewal fees are RM 484 for tourists, professionals, and second homes. The applicants should attach additional documents to pay only RM 145.

Bangladesh embassy has set the R.M. 45 for Travel permits and verification letters for passports, marriage certificates, and more.  Bangladesh High Commission, Malaysia, has only one May Bank account; hence, the applicants should deposit money into the account mentioned above.

BDhckl does not accept money via online fund transfer, bank cheque, or ATM transfer.

Bangladesh embassy in Malaysia accepts only the Yellow Cash payment slip. The applicant must check the passport number and name before depositing the money. BDhckl does not take deposit slips if the name and passport number are different from the passport.

For example, follow the instructions mentioned in the figure to learn how to deposit money at Maybank.

(বাংলাদেশ হাইকমিশনে পাসপোর্ট আবেদনের জন্য মে ব্যাংকে রিঙ্গিত জমা দেওয়ার নিয়ম দেখুন নিচের ছবিতে)

Step-3 Compiled 4 Items

Additionally, the applicants should compile the four documents, including the application form, the original Maybank payment receipt, and the passport information & visa page. It is unnecessary to have a valid visa for passport renewal; however, the Embassy suggests attaching an expired visa, even if it is not valid. Your visa permit will indicate your category and whether you need to pay RM 145 or RM 484.

Step-4: Sending Documents To the B.D. Embassy

Finally, the applicants must send their documents to the following address: No. 5B & 5C (Lot No. 9 & 10), Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Many applicants send the documents to the Ampang passport receiving and delivery centers. Many of them have been sent to the previous embassy location. Bangladesh High Commission suggests sending all documents to the following address: the B.D. The Embassy in Kuala Lumpur is not accountable for documents lost or delayed in the Courier.

2. Bangladesh Passport Check Online

The online process for checking Bangladesh passport status has three steps. The three steps are as follows:

  1. Documents Status Check By Poslaju Tracking Code
  2. Bangladesh Passport Check Online Malaysia
  3. Bangladesh Passport Status Check by Enrolment ID
1. Documents Status Check By Poslaju Tracking Code

In section one, you have sent your documents via Poslaju and other logistics service providers. Applicants can check the status of their documents by tracking the code. It is a very significant way to ensure whether the Embassy has received your documents.

Gopal, Yadav, and Shiela are responsible people who usually receive the items. For example, items are delivered to Gopal. It is good to see that your documents have reached the correct destination.  So, you have to wait several days to get the delivery slip number once the High Commission receives the items.

For example, if you send documents through Poslaju, you can check the status through the following link:

https://www.tracking.my/link/poslaju/poslaju-tracking

poslaju delivey sample bdhkl

2. Bangladesh Passport Check Online Malaysia

In Malaysia, there are two ways to check the status of a Bangladeshi passport by passport number: the entry list and the delivery slip number.

Appointment.bdhckl.gov.bd/Entry List

The Bangladesh High Commission in Malaysia has launched a new entry list system to verify passport status. In addition to Postlaju, the applicant can check their passport to see whether the Embassy accepts it.

To check the passport in the entry list, applicants need to enter their passport number in the search box and click the search icon to verify whether the Embassy has received their passport. You can also click the following link- https://appointment.bdhckl.gov.bd/entrylist

(পাসপোর্ট Entry List চেক করুন নিচের লিঙ্কে- পাসপোর্ট নাম্বার দিয়ে পাসপোর্ট চেক)

(Reload The Page To Check Again or Another Passport)

Bangladesh Passport Check For Delivery Slip Number

This section represents how to know the delivery slip number. The applicants need to enter their passport number in the box below and click the search button to retrieve the passport delivery slip number. They can also click the following link (appointment.bdhckl.gov.bd/reissue)

Appointment.bdhckl.gov.bd/reissue

নিচের সার্চ বক্সে আপনার পাসপোর্ট নাম্বার দিয়ে সার্চ বাটন ক্লিক করলে পেয়ে যাবেন ডেলিভারি স্লিপ নাম্বার

(পাসপোর্ট ডেলিভারি স্লিপ (MYS ) জানার উপায়: পাসপোর্ট ডেলিভারি স্লিপ চেক) https://appointment.bdhckl.gov.bd/reissue

3. Bangladesh Passport Appointment Poslaju

The Bangladesh High Commission in Malaysia has stopped issuing passports in person; therefore, applying for an online appointment is no longer possible (September 2021). However, applicants can use this to get their passports delivered via Postlaju. B.D. The embassy offers online passport delivery through 41 centers.

BDhckl Poslaju

Applicants can choose any 41 Poslaju centers, including Kuala Lumpur, Penang, Johor Bahru, Cameron Highland, Seremban, Malacca, and more. So, the applicants can get their passports only from these Poslaju centers. The Bd Embassy in Kuala Lumpur advises the applicant to collect the passport from the nearest centers.  Now, you can click the following link to apply for your passport to be delivered via Postlaju.

Appointment.bdhckl.gov.bd/Poslaju

(বাংলাদেশ হাইকমিশন কুয়ালালামপুর মালয়েশিয়া থেকে পাসপোর্ট  পোস লাজুর মাধ্যমে সংগ্রহের জন্য নিচের লিঙ্কে গিয়ে আবেদন করুন-কুয়ালালাম্পুর, জহরবারু, পেনাং, ক্যমেরুন হাইল্যান্ড)।

পোষ্ট অফিস (POS Malaysia) এর মাধ্যমে পাসপোর্ট সংগ্রহের জন্য

https://appointment.bdhckl.gov.bd/poslaju

Poslaju Passport Tracking

 পোস লাজু তে পাসপোর্ট চেক করতে নিচের লিঙ্কে ক্লিক করুন এবং আপনার Barcode নাম্বার দিয়ে চেক করুন।

Bangladesh Passport Status Check by Enrolment ID

This section (Bangladesh passport status check by Enrolment ID) explains how to check the status of a Bangladeshi passport. This instruction is crucial for Bangladeshi people in Malaysia and anyone worldwide. People can check their passport status from Malaysia, Bangladesh, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Iran, Canada, the USA, the U.K., Europe, and so on.

Applicants can check their passport status only when they get their enrolment ID or delivery slip number. Applicants must click the following link to check their passport status. The most common statuses are pending for scan, pending for A.D., pending for Print, and passport is ready, pending for issuance, etc.

(পাসপোর্ট কি কোথায় এবং কি অবস্থায় আছে সেটি জানার জন্যে নিজের লিংকে ক্লিক করুন এবং চেক করুন ডেলিভারি স্লিপ নাম্বার, জন্ম তারিখ দিয়ে) আপনার ডেলিভারি স্লিপ নাম্বার এবং জন্ম তারিখ কমেন্ট করলে আমরা চেক করে জানিয়ে দিবো।

Bangladesh Passport Online Status Check Link

For example, you need to insert your enrolment ID, date of birth, and Captcha code.

Bangladesh passport status check Malaysia- bdhckl

Bdhckl Name Amendment (নাম সংশোধন কিভাবে করবেন)

Recently, many Bangladeshi expatriates have encountered discrepancies in their names, enrollment, and passport numbers. It is an unintentional mistake by the Embassy due to an excessive workload. However, the applicants can apply to amend their names through the Bangladesh embassy amendment page. Click the following link and follow the instructions thoroughly for correction.

BDHCKL Travel Permit

(বাংলাদেশ হাইকমিশন মালয়েশিয়া ট্রাভেল পাস)

বাংলাদেশ হাইকমিশন মালয়েশিয়া ট্রাভেল পাসের আবেদন কিভাবে করবেনঃ

তিনটি ডকুমেন্ট লাগবেঃ

১। ৪৪ রিঙ্গিত ডিপোজিট শ্লিপ
২। পাসপোর্ট ফটোকপি অথবা এন আই ডি কার্ড অথবা জন্ম নিবন্ধন
৩। রঙিন ছবি ৩ কপি(পাসপোর্ট সাইজ)

(ডিজিটাল পাসপোর্টের ফটো কপি থাকলে একদিনেই ট্রাভেল পাস পেয়ে যাবেন আর এন আই ডি অথবে জন্ম নিবন্ধনের কাগজ জমা দিলে বাংলাদেশ থেকে ভেরিফিকেশ হয়ে আসলে পাবেন কিন্তু সময় লাগবে)

Travel permits and special passes are completely different. Malaysia Immigration gives a special pass. Travel Permit (T.P.) is issued by Bangladesh High Commission. Information about travel permits is given below:

Travel Permit

A travel permit is a temporary alternative to the original passport. It is valid for 90 days. BDHCKL provides emergency travel permits for Bangladeshi workers and travelers who wish to return to Bangladesh without a passport.

Conditions for Obtaining a Travel Permit

Bangladeshi people can get it easily if their passports have expired, been lost, or are damaged. The application must be followed by the information of the old, lost, or damaged passport. If the passport is lost, by law, it must be reported to the police along with the application, which serves as proof of loss. Then you will receive a Travel Permit (T.P.) within 1 day.

However, it will take time for those who have never had a passport, as Bangladesh must verify their citizenship. It is illegal to give T.P. without confirmation of citizenship. You will not receive T.P. for submitting incorrect or false information or paper.

How To Apply For a Travel Permit

Along with the application form, three copies of passport-size color photographs, a photocopy of the passport (if any), a visa photocopy (if any), a photocopy of the iCAD (if any), and a paper of Maeji / Iman / B.M., i.e., any one of them, should be submitted as proof. (Passport number is written on Visa, iCAD, and Iman / MEG / BM paper, which can confirm citizenship).

Those who do not have a passport must submit it along with a letter from the UNO or the Deputy Commissioner of their Upazila. This is a way to ensure citizenship for those without a passport. The applicant’s family must apply to the UNO office to expedite the process. UNO will then verify and email the citizenship information to the High Commission at ss.lab.kl@gmail.com. As a result, the High Commission will give TP. Remember that T.P. cannot be offered without confirmation of citizenship.

BDHCKL Travel Permit Application Fee

It is 44 Ringgit (R.M. 44) Bank Draft (Yellow color), Maybank Account No. 564427102268 to be deposited at any branch counter and take a yellow slip.  The applicants need to submit the yellow receipt. However, electronic transfers and cash are not accepted.

Address to Apply

Passport Service Center, 16 Jalan Besar, Ampang (next to Ampang LRT), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. (166 Jalan Besar Ampang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia).
That means you must submit the following: 3 color photographs, a photocopy of your passport or Visa, and a yellow bank slip for the fee deposit.
Submission time: 9 am to 12 pm.
Delivery: 4 – 5 pm.

On behalf of Newsmoor.com, we request all Bangladeshi expatriates in Malaysia to follow social etiquette and prevent the causes of climate change. Many Bangladeshi expatriates want to get their children in Malaysian international school. You can check the following link to know Brighton International School Fees in Malaysia. 

আপনি যদি ইংরেজি বুঝতে না পারেন তাহলে- পাসপোর্ট ডেলিভারি স্লিপ নাম্বার পেতে ও পাসপোর্ট ডেলিভারির জন্য Appointment নিতে আমাদের পোস্টের নিচে আপনার নাম এবং পাসপোর্ট নাম্বার দিয়ে কমেন্ট করুন। আমরা আপনার কমেন্টের নিচে সব জানিয়ে দিবো।

নিজের কাজ নিজে করতে শিখুন, প্রয়োজনে আপনার পরিবার ও আশে পাশের মানুষের কাছ থেকে সহযোগিতা নিন। কোন অপরিচিত ব্যক্তির কাছে টাকার বিনিময়ে সাহায্য নেওয়া থেকে বিরত থাকুন।

এগুলোর বাইরে কোন তথ্য জানার থাকলে কমেন্ট করুন আমাদের টিম সহযোগিতা করবে করবে শুধুমাত্র তথ্য দিয়ে।

Natural and Human Causes of Climate Change PDF 2026

This Content Demonstrates the Natural and Human Causes of Climate Change in 2026.

Climate Change

Climate change refers to the long-term changes in weather conditions, such as temperature, precipitation, tsunamis, and drought, on Earth. It means different weather on the Earth compared to earlier decades. So, climate change refers to global warming on Earth.  For example, now the Earth is warmer than it was thousands of years ago. NASA scientists have stated that the Earth’s temperature has increased rapidly in the past 150 years. It is estimated that the average temperature has risen by approximately 2 degrees Fahrenheit over the last 100 years. Although Earth’s temperature has been evolving, the previous five years were the warmest of the century. Therefore, climate change has been a much-talked-about topic for global leaders. Scientists mention the natural and human causes of climate change on the Planet.

Causes of Climate Change

The causes of climate change include natural factors and human activities that alter the Earth’s atmosphere. Scientists have identified many natural factors and human activities that influence the global atmosphere.

Natural Causes of Climate Change

Natural causes of climate change refer to the factors and activities that change the Earth’s atmosphere. It might occur throughout the Earth’s cycle of motion, ocean currents, plate movement, volcanic eruptions, natural forest fires, and greenhouse gases. Natural causes are natural factors that occur mostly automatically, rather than people’s contributions.

What are the natural causes of climate change?
The Nine Natural Causes of Climate Change are:
  1. Solar Variation
  2. Volcanic Eruptions
  3. Axial Tilt
  4. Precession
  5. Eccentricity
  6. Continental Drift
  7. Ocean Current
  8. Natural Forest Fire
  9. Natural Greenhouse Gases. 
Causes of Climate Change Diagram in 2024
Nine Causes of Climate Change & Natural Cause of Climate Change
Natural Causes of Climate Change 2024
1. Solar Variation (Sunspot)
The most significant natural cause of climate change is solar variation, which gradually changes the global atmosphere. Solar variation refers to the Sun emitting different amounts of radiation. The amount of solar radiation depends on the number of sunspots, driven by the Sun’s magnetism. Sunspots emit more heat from the Sun, and that makes the Earth warmer. They look like black holes that emit more solar radiation toward the Planet than the Sun does naturally. However, solar variations and sunspots are related to the solar magnetic cycle and solar activity. Sunspots are also known as storms on the Sun’s outer layer.  It plays a critical role in ejecting solar gas and flares from the Sun’s corona.
Solar Variation (Sunspots)
Solar Variation (Sunspots)
Although the temperature of the sunspot is lower than that of other parts of the Sun, the outer layer of the sunspot releases giant ultraviolet rays and throws them on the Earth’s surface. The number of sunspots reaches a peak during 11 years of solar activity- it is called the solar maximum. In the last century, many sunspots have been identified on the Sun, and at the same time, Earth’s temperature increased. The sunspots and solar variations have raised the Earth’s temperature by about 0.1 degrees Celsius. The Sun has been brighter than it was 100 years ago due to solar cycle activity driven by sunspots, and the Earth has been warmer.
2. Volcanic Eruptions

Volcanic eruptions involve the emission of large amounts of gas, ash, lava, rock, and dust from the Planet’s surface. Volcanic eruptions are among the most devastating natural disasters, altering the environment in the disaster area. Therefore, it is another natural cause of climate change. The most adverse impact of the volcanic eruption is increasing the temperature of the Earth.  Lava emitted during volcanic eruptions can raise the surrounding area’s temperature by about 1200 degrees Celsius.

However, it emits a considerable amount of flash and creates ash clouds in the sky. This ash cloud acts like a blanket in the sky, redirecting the Sun’s rays. The solar radiation is reflected on the ash cloud in the sky. The prolonged ash cloud reflects solar radiation; therefore, the Earth’s surface cools. In sum, volcanic eruptions are natural disasters that cause climate change.

Volcanic Eruptions
Volcanic Eruptions- Natural Causes of Climate Change

Does a volcanic eruption increase or decrease the Earth’s temperature?

Volcanic activity decreases the average temperature of surrounding areas. Although lava increases the surrounding area’s temperature, the ash cloud reflects solar radiation, reducing Earth’s temperature. So, a volcanic eruption cools the Planet and changes the climate.

3. Axial Tilt

According to Milankovitch Cycles, the Earth orbits the Sun, taking 365 days to complete one orbit. Additionally, the Sun takes 24 hours to rotate. Axial tilt is a crucial natural driver of climate change, as it determines how much solar radiation a region receives based on its position. Axial tilt is the angle between the Earth’s orbital plane and its equatorial plane during rotation. It is also known as obliquity, which represents the Earth’s angle. Axial tilt makes different seasons in the same area of the Planet.

According to statistical reports, the Earth has been tilted by 23.5 degrees relative to the plane. The axial tilt differs by 22.1 and 24.5 degrees from its orbital plane around the Sun. The seasons of the Earth depend on its axial tilt; therefore, the greater the axial tilt, the greater the seasons. The Sun provides more solar radiation when the Earth’s hemisphere tilts towards it in the summer. On the other hand, the Earth receives less solar radiation when it tilts away from the Sun’s orbital plane. According to Milankovitch (1930), it takes 41,000 years to complete the ice age cycle. So, the ice age comes back every 41,000 years.

For example, the Earth is currently tilted 23.45 degrees; therefore, one hemisphere receives more solar radiation, creating an extreme summer, while the other hemisphere experiences an extreme winter. The axial tilt is decreasing; thus, the Earth gets extremely hot in summer and extremely cold in winter. Based on the discussion, it is optimal to say that the axial tilt causes climate change on Earth.

Milankovitch Cycles (Axial Tilt, Precession, Eccentricity)
Milankovitch Cycles of Climate Change
4. Precession

Precession refers to the movement in the orientation of the rotational axis due to the gravitational force of the Sun and the Moon. It is a type of movement that occurs when it starts to wobble and change the direction of the first axis. The Earth rotates once every 24 hours. However, it wobbles slightly roughly after every 19 to 24 thousand years.  If it’s leaning towards the Sun, it gets more heat. On the other hand, the Earth receives less heat if it leans away from the Sun. The Earth’s precession affects climate change; hence, precession is another natural cause of climate change.

5. Eccentricity
Eccentricity, also known as orbital eccentricity, describes how the Earth moves around the Sun. The Earth does not move the Sun in the same circular motion. Orbital eccentricity measures the variation of the orbital path from a perfect circular shape. It is also known as the orbital parameter that controls the amount of solar radiation received by the Earth. Variation in the orbital path affects the distance between the Sun and the Planet. It controls the lengths of the summer and winter seasons. According to statistical reports, the summer is approximately 4.5 days longer than winter due to the orbital eccentricity. It is all about the distance between the Sun and Earth. The Sun is about 152.1 million kilometers from Earth in summer, the farthest distance.
The Earth gets closer to the Sun during winter in the Northern Hemisphere. On the other hand, during the winter season, the distance between the Sun and Earth is 147.1 million kilometers, which is the closest distance. NASA scientists have declared the current orbital eccentricity of Earth is e ≈ 0.01671. Now, the Earth orbits the Sun in an elliptical orbit. It is slowly reducing the 100,000-year cycle. The Earth gets warmer as it orbits the Sun. In contrast, the Earth gets colder when it moves around the Sun in an elliptical orbit or egg shape. The discussion proves that orbital eccentricity is a significant natural cause of climate change.
6. Continental Drift by Plate Tectonics

Continental drift refers to the slow movement of Earth’s tectonic plates, also known as the shifting of Earth’s crust. Initially, Alfred Wegener proposed continental drift in 1912. There are seven continents on Earth; however, their positions are not fixed. Some continents are getting closer year by year; on the other hand, some are growing farther apart. The movement is a prolonged process. The motion of the continental drift movement is around 0.6 cm to 10.5 cm per year. Hence, continental drift is the critical natural cause of climate change on the Earth.

The tectonic plates are the separated pieces of the Earth’s crust. The outer face of the crust is rocky and solid and consists of two types of material: less-dense oceanic crust and more-dense continental crust. These tectonic plates can move freely, causing earthquakes and volcanoes on Earth. Most ocean volcanoes and Earthquakes are the direct consequences of continental drift. The movement of tectonic plates can be described in four patterns: transform faulting, spreading, subduction, and collision.

For example, the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates has extended the Himalayan Mountain range. Magma is created from molten rock beneath the crust and is emitted from volcanic vents, which can change the climate. In sum, continental drift by plate tectonics is a natural cause of climate change.

7. Ocean Current

Ocean currents are a natural driver of climate change on Earth, formed by the continuous movement of ocean water. It is generated by ocean winds, the moon’s gravitational pull, breaking waves, temperature, and the rotation of the Earth. Ocean currents play a crucial role in driving climate change by warming the Earth. The ocean absorbs most of the solar radiation, while land areas receive some. The land surface radiates some heat back into space after sunset. However, the sea absorbs solar radiation and eventually redistributes it around the Planet. The heat from the sun evaporates ocean water continuously, raising the temperature and humidity in surrounding areas on Earth. Ultimately, the evaporation process creates rain and storms that reduce the temperatures.

If the current system collapses, it will lead to dramatic changes in worldwide weather patterns. Ocean currents could rapidly freeze parts of North America. If this circulation shuts down, it could bring extreme cold to Europe and parts of North America.

8. Natural Forest Fire

Natural forest fires are a significant natural driver of climate change, increasing temperatures in surrounding areas. There are two causes of forest fires: natural and human. A natural forest fire is a wildfire that burns thousands of acres, including trees and animals.  According to the Environmental Protection Agency report, 20 percent of forest fires occur naturally, while around 80 percent are caused by human activities.

Natural Forest Fire
Natural Forest Fire Causes Climate Change

Natural forest fires can be sparked by lightning or by drought that sets trees ablaze. Usually, warm temperatures encourage setting fires, and strong winds spread them rapidly to surrounding areas.  A forest fire transforms green vegetation into a desert for a while.

Forest fires release large amounts of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, and ash. These gases trigger atmospheric warming and deplete soil nutrients.  Therefore, a natural forest fire is a significant natural cause of climate change.

9. Natural Greenhouse Gases

Greenhouse gases are gases that change the climate by trapping infrared radiation, or heat, in the atmosphere. GHG is the short form or abbreviation of greenhouse gases. There are two types of causes of greenhouse gas emissions: natural and human-induced. Natural greenhouse gases are produced on Earth without human activity. For example, permafrost is frozen ground that naturally contains and releases greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). 

The most common natural greenhouse gases on the Earth are water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and ozone (O3). Greenhouse gases help sunlight reach the Earth’s surface and block heat from returning to the atmosphere. These natural gases prevent the heat released from the Earth’s surface from escaping. Natural greenhouse gases contribute to the atmospheric temperature rise directly and indirectly. In essence, natural greenhouse gases warm the Earth’s atmosphere by trapping the heat. So, it is another natural cause of climate change that warms the atmosphere.

There are two sources of greenhouse gases: natural and human. Human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, contribute to the emission of greenhouse gases. They also produce greenhouse gases such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and Perfluorocarbons (PFCs). People cut down forests for agriculture, which also contributes to global warming. Now, researchers and political leaders are working together to reduce human-induced causes of climate change. They raise awareness to prevent global warming. Social etiquette and social awareness among people can protect the environment from pollution. In a nutshell, greenhouse gases cause global warming and alter the global climate.

Conclusion

In conclusion, these nine natural causes of climate change (Solar Variation, Volcanic Eruptions, Axial Tilt, Precession, Eccentricity, Continental Drift, Ocean Current, Natural Forest Fires, and Natural Greenhouse Gases) contribute to changes in the global atmosphere. These factors are natural contributors to global warming, altering the atmosphere and the Earth’s environment directly and indirectly.

What are the human causes of climate change?

The Major Human Causes of Climate Change are
  1. Burning Fossil Fuels
  2. Deforestation
  3. Livestock Production
  4. Fluorinated Gases
  5. Chemical Fertilizers
  6. Fluorinated Gases
  7. Industrial Gases
  8. Food Waste
  9. Transport Vehicles.

These are the crucial human activities that cause climate change on the Planet.

Causes of Climate Change
Human and Natural Causes of Climate Change

 1. Burning Fossil Fuels

Fossil fuel burning is the most significant human cause of global warming. Fossil fuels contain carbon and hydrogen gases beneath the Earth’s crust. They are made from the remains of animals and plants. The most common examples of fossil fuels are natural gas, bitumen, oil, coal, tar sands, and petroleum. People burn fossil fuels to generate electricity and power transportation. Fossil fuels release greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO2), that trap heat in the atmosphere. So, burning fossil fuels is a catastrophic cause of global warming. They are the source of 80% of Earth’s energy, which is not renewable.  The Earth’s average temperature has risen by about 1 degree Celsius, and sea levels have increased. As a result, people experience scorching summer weather. It is also caused by biodiversity destruction, plant and animal extinction, and global health conditions.

2. Deforestation

Deforestation is another human-caused environmental change on the Planet that results from people’s activities. People are directly associated with deforestation, which affects biodiversity and the Earth’s ecosystems. Deforestation is the cutting down of forest areas by humans. People cut trees in the forest for urbanization, crop cultivation, and mining. Since 1960, deforestation has reduced forest areas worldwide, contributing to changes in the atmosphere. According to the oxygen cycle, people inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide that trees consume. On the other hand, trees take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen during respiration.

The more trees on the Planet consume, the more carbon dioxide (CO2) is produced. Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere are increasing due to deforestation. Deforestation destroys the carbon stores and releases carbon dioxide into the Planet. It is a primary human cause of rising greenhouse gases and climate change. According to a 2019 study, deforestation is responsible for a 11 percent increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.

3. Livestock Production

Livestock production is another primary human cause of climate change. It contributes to the production of greenhouse gases that trap heat in the atmosphere. Livestock production is the agricultural process of farming domestic animals, including breeding, caring for, and raising them. Nowadays, people farm domestic animals for commercial purposes to produce meat, milk, leather, etc. The most common animals in livestock farms are cows and sheep. These animals generate methane(CH4) when they consume and digest food. A report shows that cows generate around 150 billion gallons of methane gas daily.

Methane is one of the greenhouse gases that contribute to rising global temperatures. Livestock production accounts for 14.5 percent of greenhouse gas emissions. Domestic animal farming has a large carbon footprint that contributes to climate change. Given people’s close association with livestock, it is reasonable to say that livestock production is an essential human driver of climate change.

4. Chemical Fertilizers

Chemical fertilizers are responsible for altering Earth’s climate. People produce chemical fertilizers to use in modern agriculture.

Chemical fertilizers are modern fertilizers produced by chemical synthesis, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur. These ingredients contain nutrients for the plants—fertilizers containing nitrogen produce nitrous oxide emissions. Farmers use chemical fertilizers to get greater benefits from their farms. Although these fertilizers help plants grow and produce more corn and fruit, chemical fertilizers can harm the environment.

For example, nitrogen-based chemical fertilizers emit nitrous oxide (N2O), a greenhouse gas (GHG). It is said that nitrous oxide (N2O) is a long-lived greenhouse gas produced by agricultural activities. Chemical fertilizers contain nitrate (NO3–) and ammonia (NH4+).  As a result, chemical fertilizers in agriculture generate the critical greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). Nitrous oxide (N2O) traps the heat in the atmosphere, allowing shortwave Infrared to enter the Earth and obstructing the longwave Infrared from returning toward the sun. The percentage of nitrous oxide in greenhouse gases is 10-14 percent. People are responsible for producing 80% nitrous oxide through modern agriculture. The scientists warned modern farmers to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture to combat climate change.

5. Fluorinated Gases

Fluorinated gases are also a human-caused contributor to climate change, as people produce them for commercial purposes. The most common fluorinated gases are hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), nitrogen difluoride, perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). People produce these fluorinated gases as the elements of aerosol cans, air conditioners, refrigerators, and so on. These gases are crucial materials for producing semiconductors in the factory.

Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases

  1. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
  2. Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)
  3. Nitrogen trifluoride (NF3)
  4. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)

The fluorinated gases are also powerful GHGs that trap heat in the atmosphere. Fluorinated greenhouse gases, also known as F-gases, contribute to global warming. According to the report, fluorinated greenhouse gases cause more than 23,000 times as much global warming as carbon dioxide (CO2).

6. Industrial Gases

Industrial gases include carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, helium, and noble gases. Two types of human activities can produce these gases: people intentionally produce them, and industrial factories emit them. Firstly, these industrial gases are produced in factories for commercial purposes. They compress these gases into liquid in the cylinder to sell them in the market. Secondly, electrical factories generate carbon dioxide and nitrogen when producing goods and energy. In the United States, power plants emit 40 percent of carbon dioxide (CO2).

Industrial gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen are greenhouse gases that affect ozone depletion. The volume of industrial gas emissions is increasing as factories worldwide expand.

7. Food Waste

Food waste is one of the silent human causes of climate change that many people are unaware of.  For example, many people intentionally waste food without realizing the negative consequences. Food waste occurs during processing and distribution from the seller to the buyer. It is estimated that Americans waste about 40 percent of their food each year. Additionally, Americans waste around 27,000 gallons of water annually by throwing away vegetables, fruits, eggs, and beef. Food waste produces methane(CH4) gas when it decomposes in landfills. Methane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming and climate change on Earth. The study shows that around 6-8 percent of methane is emitted from food waste. Therefore, food waste is a significant factor in climate change that many people do not know about.

8. Transport Vehicles

Transport vehicles consume fossil fuels and emit greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most devastating greenhouse gas, as it raises temperatures. It is estimated that vehicles account for around 30 percent of greenhouse gas emissions. Greenhouse gas emissions have increased rapidly in the last 30 years.

Significance of this Article

This article offers in-depth insights into the natural and human causes of climate change. It also provides ways for humans to prevent global warming from destroying this beautiful world. International organizations and global leaders highlight this issue. For example, the United Nations schedule for the 2024 UN Climate Change Conference (UNFCCC COP 29), to be held from 11 to 22 November 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan. People from different groups in society have to come up with solutions to prevent global warming. Students can download the PDF.

Natural Causes of Climate Change PDF
Citation For This Article (APA 7th Edition)
Kobiruzzaman, M. M. (2026). Cause of Climate Change- 9 Natural Causes of Climate Change in 2026. Newsmoor- Educational Website For Online Learning. https://newsmoor.com/natural-causes-of-climate-change-9-natural-causes-of-climate-change/