Exercise- Rewriting sentence fragments, label each sentence Frag. (sentence fragment) or (complete sentence). The Exercise- the desire of all humankind to live
Exercise-Rewriting Sentence Fragments
Exercise-1
(A) Label each sentence Frag. (sentence fragment) or Comp. (complete sentence). Then on a separate sheet of paper, rewrite each fragment to make a complete sentence.
Frag 1. The desire of all humankind to live in peace and freedom, for example.
Rewrite: The desire of all humankind to live in peace and freedom; for example, many humanitarian organizations work to stop the war in the world.
Frag 2. Second, the fact is that men are physically stronger than women.
Rewrite: Second, the fact that man is physically stronger than women; therefore, men intend to dominate women.
Comp 3. The best movie I saw last year.
Comp 4. Titanic was the most financially successful movie ever made worldwide.
Frag 5. For example, many students have part-time jobs.
Rewrite: Students cannot join every class in the university; for example, many students have part-time jobs.
Frag 6. However, people want to believe that all men are created equal.
Rewrite: Although people want to believe that all men are created equal, people are not the same in
Comp 7. Finding a suitable marriage partner is a challenging task.
Frag 8. Many of my friends did not have the opportunity to go to college.
Rewrite: Many of my friends who did not have the opportunity to go to college will invite them to join Open University to study again.
Frag 9. A tsunami occurred in the Indian Ocean in December 2004, killing more than 200,000 people.
Rewrite: A tsunami occurred in the Indian Ocean in December 2004, killing more than 200,000 people, considered the most devastating tsunami in Asia.
Comp 15. Despite a lag of up to several hours between the earthquake and the tsunami, nearly all victims were taken completely by surprise.
Text Below Contains SIX word
EXERCISE-2
One of the biggest concerns that parents have about raising children in a bilingual household is that learning two or more languages at the same time will cause confusion. One misunderstood behavior, which has often been taken as evidence for confusion, is when bilingual children mix words from two languages in the same sentence. This is known as code-mixing. In fact, code-mixing is a normal part of bilingual development, and bilingual children actually have good reasons to code-mix (Pearson, 2008). The reason some children code mix is that they are just repeating what they hear adults around them say (Comeau, Genesee & Lapaquette, 2003).
Another reason for code-mixing among bilingual children is due to their limited vocabulary in both languages. Similar to how a monolingual 1-year-old might initialize using the word “dog” to refer to any four-legged creature, bilingual children also use their limited vocabularies to substitute a word from one language with a word from another language. A bilingual child might not know or cannot quickly retrieve the appropriate word in one language, so he or she might borrow the word from the other language (Lanza, 2004). Thus, rather than being a sign of confusion, code-mixing can be seen as a progressive in their language development and a sign of bilingual children’s ingenuity.
EXERCISE-3
Reporting verb
Reporting verbs is defined as referring verbs that convey the action of speakers. It is used when a person reports others' work or statements directly or indirectly. The most common use of the reporting verb is in-text citations.
One of the most common ways to incorporate citations into your writing is to use the reporting verb. They are needed to connect the in-text citation to the information which you are citing. Before selecting a verb, it is vital that you carefully read the source and clearly understand the author’s claim(s).
EXERCISE-4- Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate reporting verb.
- Greenberg (2001) emphasizes the importance of taking a liberal approach.
or
Greenberg (2001) stresses the importance of taking a liberal approach.
- Alam et al. (2004) observed patients diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes for a minimum of 8 years.
or
Alam et al. (2004) analyze patients diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes for a minimum of 8 years.
- Toms (1982) articulates the common belief that humans have five senses. In his research, he finds that there are, in fact, nine senses.
or
Toms (1982) challenges the common belief that humans have five senses. In his research, he finds that there are, in fact, nine senses.
- Hanks (2004) determines an idiom as an expression whose “meaning . . . is distinct from the sum of its parts” (p. 257).
or
Hanks (2004) notices an idiom as an expression whose “meaning . . . is distinct from the sum of its parts” (p. 257).
- Jirapanakorn (2012) examines the use of reporting verbs in international journals and Thai journals and found that there were fewer uses of reporting verbs in Thai journals.
or
Jirapanakorn (2012) discovered the use of reporting verbs in international journals and Thai journals and found that there were fewer uses of reporting verbs in Thai journals.
Plagiarism: How To Avoid Plagiarism, Identify Errors in the citation as well as Correction. For example, a student uses an internet article to research her paper. However, she finds several of the ideas in the article useful and develops them in her paper. Since she does not quote from the text, she does not cite it in her paper, but she references it in the bibliography.
Plagiarism
Work is often considered plagiarized when it contains another person’s ideas, processes, results, data, or words without giving appropriate credit to the owner. In other words, plagiarism is when you claim someone else’s thoughts and work as your own. In the academic world, this is a crime and can be heavily penalized.
Exercise- 5
Read these situations carefully and decide whether they are acts of plagiarism or not. State your reason in the space provided.
Situation
- A student uses an internet article in researching her paper. She finds several of the ideas in the article useful and develops them in her own paper. Since she does not quote from the text, she does not cite it in her paper, but she references it in the bibliography.
Plagiarism- Yes / No
Answer: YES
Reason: Although the student correctly referenced the article in her bibliography, that's not enough. If she uses the ideas in her paper, she must consider the origins of those ideas in the paper itself. She acknowledges the source of the idea directly or uses in-text citations.
2. You are taking a class that a friend has already taken. She lets you read her paper to get some ideas and tells you to use any parts of the paper you find useful. You incorporate some of her paragraphs into your paper without citation.
Plagiarism-Yes / No
Answer: YES
Reason: My friend's permission to use her paper is not relevant; it is still plagiarism when you present work that someone else has done as your own.
3. A friend offers to let you read his paper to help you get some ideas and tells you to use any parts of the paper you find useful. You incorporate one of his paragraphs into your paper. You are careful to include all of the citations from his paper in your footnotes so that readers can find the source of information.
Plagiarism-Yes / No
Answer: YES
Reason: Although I have the citations, it is plagiarism to show someone else's work as my own. My friend can also violate the Honor Code too.
4. A student finds a picture on the web that perfectly illustrates a point she wants to make in her paper. She downloads the picture but does not use the website’s analysis; she also writes her caption for the picture. Since the analysis and caption are her own, she does not include a citation for the picture.
Plagiarism-Yes / No
Answer: YES
Reason: It depends on the type of picture she is using. If the picture is common and shares common knowledge, then it won’t be considered plagiarism. But if the picture belongs to an individual's intellectual work, then it will be considered plagiarism.
5. You are discussing your term paper with your professor. She gives you an interesting idea about how you might interpret some of the materials you have been studying. Since the discussion was informal and did not pertain to an area in which your professor intends you to publish, you incorporate her suggestions without acknowledgment.
Plagiarism-Yes / No
Answer: NO
Reason: Though it is important to acknowledge other ideas, it won’t be plagiarism because she has not written on the subject and does not intend to do so.
How To Avoid Plagiarism
One of the ways to avoid plagiarism is to acknowledge the originator(s) of the idea(s). This can be done by using proper citation and referencing techniques.
Exercise- 5
Other than to avoid plagiarism, what are other purposes of including a citation in your writing?
- To give credit to the authors whose work I am using.
- To provide readers with a list of additional readings on the topic.
- So that my academic paper can easily be spotted.
Activity 3
Identify the errors in each of the citations below.
- “The cold ocean water around Antarctica flows north to mix with warmer water from the tropics, and its upwellings help to cool both the surface water and our atmosphere. Yet the fragility of this regulating system is now threatened by human activity” (Jane Auduboy, 1990).
Error(s): (Jane Auduboy, 1990).
Correct: “The cold ocean water around Antarctica flows north to mix with warmer water from the tropics, and its upwellings help to cool both the surface water and our atmosphere. Yet the fragility of this regulating system is now threatened by human activity” (Auduboy, 1990)
- Eastmond states that distance learning is an increasingly important aspect of higher education because it meets the needs of an expanding pool of nontraditional students who find education necessary for jobs in today’s information age.
Error(s): No date
Correct: Eastmond (n.d.) states that “distance learning is an increasingly important aspect of higher education because it meets the needs of an expanding pool of nontraditional students who find education necessary for jobs in today’s information age.”
- According to Celik (2015), he found that managing the learning environment in classrooms with students of a range of ability levels or achievement is one of the tough issues many teachers face.
Error(s): he found that
Correct: According to Celik (2015), “managing the learning environment in classrooms with students of a range of ability levels or achievement is one of the tough issues faced by many teachers.”
- One study concluded that wearing a bike helmet can reduce the risk of head injury by 85 percent. In an accident, a bike helmet absorbs the shock and cushions the head. (Consumer Reports:1990)
Error(s): (Consumer Reports:1990)
One study concluded that wearing a bike helmet can reduce the risk of head injury by 85 percent. A bike helmet absorbs the shock and cushions the head (Consumer Reports,1990).
5. Armstrong (2004) suggests that historical cost accounting has "passed its use-by date."
Error(s): Armstrong (2004), suggests
Correct: Armstrong (2004) suggests that historical cost accounting has "passed its use-by date."
These are the Exercises.
